be动词形式及用法 be动词和助动词的区别

1.be动词形式及用法

形式

有不同的be动词，基本上为：

am,is,are,was,were,been,being,be

用法

be（be/is/are/am/was/were) [bi:] vi

he is, we are, you are, they are （缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're）, （否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't）, 过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were （过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't）,过去分词been,现在分词being

英语的“be”是个特殊动词；有些语言，如马来文等，并没有“be”这样的动词。

“Be”除了原形的“be”之外，还有另外七种形式：am, is, are, been, being, was, were.

在句子中，“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb)

2.be动词和助动词的区别

它们有本质区别。be动词，既可以是联系动词，也可以是助动词。

联系动词，后接名词、非谓语动词、形容词、数词、代词、副词、介词等作表语，且有各种时态变化：

一般现在时am\is\are\

一般过去时was\werer

完成时has\have\had\been

将来时用be原形

现在分词being

过去分词been

没有被动语态

He is a well-known artist.他是一位著名的艺术家。(名词)

The student has been here for hours.这个学生来这里好几个小时了。(副词)

My ambition is to become a scientist when I grow up.我的大志就是长大当科学家。(不定式)

When he was eleven, he graduated from that school.他11岁时就从那所学校毕业了。(数词)

助动词，用于进行时和被动语态。

进行时：

现在进行时am\is\are+现在分词

过去进行时was\were+现在分词

将来进行时助动词+be+现在分词

完成进行时助动词+been+现在分词

He is reading now.他在看书。

I was doning my housework when he came.他来的时候我在做家务活。

He has been learning English ever since last year.从去年到现在他一直在学英语。

被动语态：

一般现在时am\is\are+过去分词

一般过去时was\were+过去分词

将来时助动词+be+过去分词

完成时助动词+been+过去分词

进行时只有现在进行时和过去进行时才有被动语态：

现在进行时am\is\are+being +过去分词

过去进行时was\were+being +过去分词

The room is cleaned every day.房子每天打扫。

He was criticized yesterday by his teacher.他昨天挨他老师批评了。

The building is being built now by the builders.建筑工人正在建这栋建筑物。

The machine has been fixed, working properly again.进去修好了，又在正常运转中。