英语虚拟语气语法总结 ​虚拟语气高考真题及答案

一、英语虚拟语气语法总结

第一类

虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：

条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，此时主句不用虚拟语气；而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，此时用虚拟语气。

第二类

使用虚拟语气的常见结构或从句：

1.*wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。

2.if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同

3.l would rather后句子用虚拟语气 只分现在和过去

在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon后的that从句中, 句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示"宁愿做什么"

4.l as if (though)从句用虚拟语气

以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气,则与wish用法相同

点击查看：高考英语虚拟语气怎么复习

第三类

从句中should+动词原形，should可省略

1. 在 lest ，for fear that( 以免) ,in case(以防)引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气

She walked quietly lest she (should)wake up her roommates. 她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。

2. 表应当做 值得做 一类动词后的宾语从句

建议advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令order, command

请求ask, demand, require, request指示direct

督促urge提议move, vote

希望desire坚持insist

打算intend安排arrange

3. order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句

Our suggestion is that you（should）be the first to go． 我们的建议是你应该第一个去。

4.*advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation, suggestion, idea, plan, order

第四类

It’s time后的从句用虚拟语气

从句谓语通常用过去式表示 (早)该干某事了

*有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)

第五类

表示祝愿话语中也可以用虚拟语气。

第六类

在少数句型中，谓语用虚拟语气。

1）由that引导的句子（表示愿望或沮丧情绪）

2）由would that引导的句子（表示但愿）

3）由to think引导的句子（表示没想到）

二、虚拟语气高考真题及答案

1.(北京卷)34. We ___ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.

A. are B. were C. will be D. would be

2.(福建卷)32. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been 3.(湖南卷)22.If Mr. Dewey __ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

A. were B. had been C. should be D. was 4.(陕西卷)23. We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and

she is not a child any longer.

A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay

5.(天津卷)15. _ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught